為什么中國要發展工業機器人？

為(wei)什么中國要發展工業機器人？

工業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)器人(ren)(ren)是指多關節機(ji)械(xie)手或多自由(you)的(de)機(ji)械(xie)設備，可以(yi)在人(ren)(ren)的(de)控(kong)制下智能工作，可以(yi)取代生產線上(shang)的(de)人(ren)(ren)力工作。與人(ren)(ren)力相(xiang)比，機(ji)械(xie)手具有成(cheng)本低、效率高、24小時(shi)工作的(de)特點(dian)。近年來，隨著我國勞動力成(cheng)本的(de)上(shang)升，我國制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)勞動力優勢不明顯，制造業(ye)(ye)(ye)迫切需要(yao)向智能化(hua)轉型(xing)。在這個機(ji)會下，工業(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)器人(ren)(ren)有很大的(de)發展(zhan)前景。

中國(guo)(guo)是(shi)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)消(xiao)費大國(guo)(guo)，自2013年以來已連續兩年成(cheng)為世界上(shang)大的工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)消(xiao)費市場(chang)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)經常出(chu)現在汽車、電子、橡膠和(he)(he)塑料、軍事(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、航空制造、食品(pin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、醫療設備和(he)(he)金屬制品(pin)等領域。其中，汽車工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應用廣(guang)泛，占38%。廣(guang)東(dong)、江(jiang)蘇(su)、上(shang)海、北京等地是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的主(zhu)要集中地區(qu)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數量占全國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)市場(chang)的一半。然(ran)而，雖然(ran)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)市場(chang)需求(qiu)量很大，但由于缺(que)乏核心(xin)技(ji)術(shu)，中國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的消(xiao)費嚴重依賴(lai)于國(guo)(guo)外企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，特別是(shi)減速器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、伺服電機(ji)(ji)、控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等核心(xin)部件(jian)。國(guo)(guo)內機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)被迫(po)購(gou)買昂貴的外國(guo)(guo)設備。因此，國(guo)(guo)內工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)制造商需要不(bu)斷改進技(ji)術(shu)，提高R&D水平(ping)，盡快擺(bai)脫國(guo)(guo)外機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)品(pin)牌對中國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)消(xiao)費市場(chang)的控(kong)制。